Inoperability Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Inoperability - Research Paper Example (2010). Every one of these applications applied exclusively will bolster interchanges through interfaces which interest for consistent upkeep and alteration because of their dynamism. This as one method of achieving operability has not demonstrated beneficial. Essentially, there is normalization of an interface can too be utilized in accomplishing operability since this technique wipes out the additional cost which would be brought about when building separate interfaces. The subsequent methodology is fuel by the way that application designers can build applications that are in accordance with the normalized interfaces, this expands the possibilities of interoperability henceforth lessening cost which additionally incorporates diminished support costs since there is a drop in the quantity of the interfaces to be agreed upkeep. The wellbeing level seven (HL7) is an application convention for trade of information in the social insurance condition. It is created to be utilized to move i nformation of social insurance data from division or capacity to the next putting together its applications with respect to the tremendous idea of utilization to application trade of message framework. The HL7 is the unit in type of a particle that goes information through frameworks. Or on the other hand occasion, the HL7 encourages the confirmation of persistence to a medical clinic or providing a lab request for blood test (Au, S, 2003). Each world true occasion is characterized by HL7 through a theoretical informing framework which is contained a gathering of sections in a characterized standard and the guidelines and guidelines for the development of such dynamic is made by the HL7 created message structure which includes components which are the structure squares and follows a chain of importance in setting. Separately, the components are related by the variables like choice capacity, esteem set, length and information structure that gives a requirement to them. Different segm ents, for example, sections and portion bunches are probably going to form extra components while sub-parts are simply crude in nature since they are in the situation of holding an information esteem without having a relative structure Electronic Healthcare Information Security. (2010). HL7 was not there before however in the beginning of its turn of events, it was essentially shaped to give room an excessive number of dynamic business methods that face the human services industry. Be that as it may, the more extensive structures came about into normalization which thus made such a large number of discretionary parts subsequently the arrangement of the execution of interfaces demonstrated useless. HL7 applications are typically participated in two different ways that is point to point or through the middleware which is plainly appeared by the interface motor results. Point-to-point applications involves the association of each pair of utilizations in an autonomous manner while the c enter way application is where all the applications are associated midway to the message specialist. The working framework interconnection isolates the elements of the conventions into five principle layers with each layer having just a component of the layer that is found underneath it. This is the convention stack and it is utilized for usage in the product or equipment with the lower layers in the equipment and the higher in the product Data Exchange Standards, Health Level Seven Version 2.5 an application convention for electronic information trade in human services situations. (2009). In an assortment

Breakfast Club Character Evaluations Essay -- essays research papers

The Breakfast Club was a film around five totally different characters, Claire, Andrew, Brian, Allison, and John Bender. Claire was a well known young lady, Andrew was a grappler (athlete), Brian was mentally skilled, Allison was a scatterbrain, and John Bender was a renegade. Outwardly they appear totally different individuals, in reality they were all socially inverse, however they additionally shared to such an extent.      As the film begins, the five adolescents are being rebuffed with Saturday detainment; their task for the following eight hours was to right a paper entitled â€Å"Who Am I?† Their most likely supposition that was from them to expound on their accomplishments. Being understudies in America, we are completely raised to exceed expectations at whatever we do, regardless of whether it be at evaluations, wrestling, or being famous. Since â€Å"they made a decision about themselves by what they do and accomplish, their self-characters rely on their achievements,† (Kimball and Leidich page three). This prompts seriousness, begrudge, enviously, and insatiability. Drinking spree was envious of Claire societal position and of her driving â€Å"a better life† and to respond to that he hollered at her and over-overstated reality. He made a decision about her by material belongings (studs) and by social standings (prom sovereign), and he made a decision about hi mself against her and that prompted him needing what she has (hoops and virginity). First he took a stab at being progressively serious with her by calling her names and putting her down so he could appear to be higher and â€Å"cooler† than her. At that point he got desirous and envious of her, needing what she had. This two at that point lead to insatiability. Luckily for the them two, they got past the accomplishments and began to look all starry eyed at. They figured out how to pass judgment on one another by the nature of their connections and their lives. Outwardly, Andrew felt that Brian had an entirely decent life. He had both great, faithful companions and extraordinary evaluations, something he might be desirous of. Apparently Brian had extraordinary companions that didn't pass judgment on him for what he did, yet what his identity was. Brian needed to spend time with the cool individuals, yet he knew his social class. Perhaps, he utilized a flare firearm to execute himself since he felt that was the manner in which his club worked and that would make his passing additionally engaging the mainstream. Alison felt that she required somebody to converse with. This is the reason she appeared. She was disregarded by her folks and likely felt that anybody was sufficient to ... ...t he couldn’t have an independent mind. At the point when he did, he loved Brian and Alison, yet his inner circle necessity is presumably not to be engaged with them. Brian’s connections don’t have an expense of having a place; he and any new companions are likely invited constantly without a necessity. Drinking spree, however he doesn't let it out, has an expense of having a place too. His companions would dismiss Brian in dread of him â€Å"telling† or something along that line. Claire revealed to him that even his inner circle had prerequisites. She said that he on the off chance that they were saw by his companions strolling down the lobby, he would state that he’s having intercourse with her.      I felt that he film helped a great deal with the content. Without the film, the material would be exceptionally dry and difficult to comprehend. The film gave instances of everything so far in the content. It gave instances of the chain of importance of requirements (like Bender despite everything requiring security need before belongingness and love); the sorts of dread (dismissal with Claire and a veil; disappointment with Brian and overachieving; and torment and enduring with Andrew and his creation fun of and tormenting the blameless); last, enslavement with Bender and Alison with the manner in which they are consistently, at school and at home.

How to Write the USC Long Answer Supplement 2019-2020 TKG

How to Write the USC Long Answer Supplement 2019-2020 USC is a research university in Los Angeles, California. Last year, 66,000 people applied. For TKG clients, USC is one of our most applied to schools. It’s also the school that we receive the most emails about from blog readers. The acceptance rate for the class of 2023 was 11%. USC’s supplements are below:Respond to one of the prompts below: (250 words)USC believes that one learns best when interacting with people of different backgrounds, experiences, and perspectives. Tell us about a time you were exposed to a new idea or when your beliefs were challenged by another point of view. Please discuss the significance of the experience and its effect on you. With this prompt, USC is saying that they’re ~down with diversity~ and they want you to tell them about a time when you interacted with someone different from you. This can mean that the person you met, spoke to, or engaged with had a different upbringing, background, perspective, set of beliefs, or experience than you have ha d.  It’s worth noting that when working with TKG clients, we do not choose this prompt because the two questions below leave much more room for creativity. If you choose to answer this prompt, you need to think small. Your goal is to tell a story that shows USC that you are open to engaging with people who have different perspectives, and that you are able to challenge and reflect upon your own values when faced with new information.   Let’s say that you are a firm supporter of waiting period laws for gun ownership. Then one day, you meet someone who tells you a story. They say that their family member was being harassed and threatened by their partner, and that they had children in the house and feared for their safety. After the altercation, they wanted to purchase a gun for self-defense, but they were unable to do so because of the waiting period laws in their state. They returned home fearing for their life.  Does hearing this story mean that you walked away a changed perso n? No. Of course not. This is not to say that after one conversation you were no longer a supporter of common sense gun laws. It means that you met someone with different views, and while you still don’t necessarily agree with their viewpoint, you were able to find empathy for them. They became more human, and for a moment your beliefs were challenged in some way. You hit pause. You thought to yourself, “I still don’t necessarily agree, but I understand.”  A good answer to this question will show both humility and growth on your part. It will also suggest that you are not so stubborn in your beliefs that you are unable to examine them from another vantage point.  If something like this comes to mind, write down everything you remember about it. Your answer should be told in the form of a story with a beginning, middle, and end. And then tell USC where you landed on your issue of choice, which will demonstrate growth and progress. But, again, our clients would almost never choose this prompt. USC faculty place an emphasis on interdisciplinary academic opportunities. Describe something outside of your intended academic focus about which you are interested in learning. FYI: This is the same question as last year, except USC added the first sentence. We love this question because there are two directions that you can go in. We are going to contradict ourselves from last year, but we’ve evolved a bit in our thinking. This question does not specify that it has to be something you can study at USC. The only requirement of this question is that what you write about is a true and genuine passion. Whatever you choose, you need to go an inch wide and a mile deep. If it’s something you only cared about in passing, it’s a no go. Think about the things you’ve cared about forever, the YouTube rabbit holes you go down when you can’t sleep, and the hobbies and interests you’ve worked to foster over the years.  This leaves you with two options:  Pick som ething that builds upon your major. Maybe you’re applying to USC because you want to major in Film and Television Production, but your end goal is to make a documentary about Architecture in your hometown. If you go this route, you’re picking something that will help with your intended career path. It should also be something that isn’t directly, or necessarily logically, related to the major that you write about in the second required supplement. Maybe you’re majoring in English because you want to be a writer, but you want write scientific journals so your second interest is Biology. Remember that when this prompt asks you to “describe” something outside of your intended academic interest, they are not asking you to describe the field itself. They know what Biology is. You need to explain why it’s of interest to you, and how studying your secondary field will further your goals. Pick something that reveals another side of you and/or speaks to a hobby you hold near an d dear. Think about your personality characteristics, interests, hobbies, and passions that you have not had the chance to write about yet. If this sounds more appealing to you, quadruple check that you aren’t writing about something that appears elsewhere on your application. Maybe you’re secretly obsessed with Indian cooking or didn’t have room in your activities to write about your stint as editor of the yearbook. Or maybe you’re majoring in Math but read history textbooks for fun. Again, you’re adding another layer of depth to your application that might even shock the reader when it crosses their desk. Focus on your interests that are important to you, but are unrelated to the things you’ve already shown about yourself with the rest of your application. We are big fans of this question, but keep in mind that there is a mandatory “Why USC” question below.   Make sure that your answers aren’t repetitive if you choose this prompt.  What is something about yourse lf that is essential to understanding you?  This is the best option. But make no mistake, this is a second common app essay. A much shorter one, but a common app essay indeed. Let’s get a few things that you definitely shouldn’t do out of the way.  Don’t:Write about an extracurricular activity Write about anything else that has been shown with the rest of your appWrite a trauma essay. If you’re experienced trauma, we are so sorry and hope you’re okay. But you should write about anything related to hardships in the additional information section of your application. Get on a soapbox. No one likes a teenager on a soapbox. When we write about issues we are passionate about, it often goes poorly and can get cringy. Also, the essay is no longer about you. So what should you do? Go back to basics. Revisit your list of personality characteristics that didn’t make the cut for your common app essay. Revisit the topic that almost made the cut for your common app essay but was ca st away last minute. Text 5 friends and ask them to describe you. Ask your parents to throw some adjectives your way. Think about your morning routines. Think about what you do before bed at night, and why you still have that one keepsake from 10 years ago even though it’s broken.  Read this blog post. Think about your family and your role within it. Ask your friends what they come to you for help with. Ask them if you have any quirks.  You should think small here, and somewhere throughout the process above you should come up with an idea. When we write this essay with TKG clients, we go for lighter topics. It doesn’t have to be funny, but it probably should be. Don’t be afraid to show a little bit of vulnerability either, as that is how we ~connect with others~.  The second (mandatory) prompt is below:Describe how you plan to pursue your academic interests and why you want to explore them at USC specifically. Please feel free to address your first- and second-choice major selections. (Approximately 250 words)In this prompt, your goal is to show USC why it’s the only suitable place for you to continue your education. It’s a “Why Do You Want To Go here” essay, and it’s strictly about academics. The first (and very important thing) to understand is that you need to choose a major. Read this blog post for the full breakdown, but you can not apply as undecided because 1) USC wants to create a balanced class of incoming freshman and 2) they are also looking to admit students who will graduate in four years. If everyone applies as undecided, they can’t balance the class (they might end up with an entire class of budding architectures,) and it’s more likely for an undecided student to negatively affect their four-year graduation rate because they might take a few years to figure out what they’re going to study. We’ve found that students tend to fall into one of three categories: They either have no idea what you want to major inThey have na rrowed it down to 2-4 majors but aren’t sure which one to pick, or They already know what they want to major in If you have absolutely no idea what you want to study, make a list of your favorite classes, topics, books, and projects. Figure out a few potential areas of interests and look through USC’s majors. There’s really no need to look at every major (in fact, you shouldn’t) because you should be able to cross some things off of your list right away. If when starting this exercise you have already identified areas of interest, compare the program pages and pick your favorite.  Once you’ve decided what major you want to write about, you need to do a deep dive into the course offerings. Saying that you want to go to USC to major in Earth Sciences isn’t enough, because there are many other schools that have similar programs. You need to explain why you want to major in Earth Sciences at USC.  You’ll do that by talking about specific classes that you want to take wit hin your program of choice. Pull up the course catalogue for your major and spend a lot of time there. Read everything, and we really do mean everything. Find 1-2 upper level (200-300) classes that you want to take, and write about why you want to take them. You can’t choose entry level or introductory classes because those are offered everywhere. You need to have specific reasons as to why you want to take the classes you choose. It can’t just be that you think they sound fun. Relate your experience (high school coursework, summer programs, online classes, books you’ve read) to the subject matter of the class. If there’s a minor that you’re interested in, follow the same research plan and explain why/how it pairs with your major and why you’re interested. Back on the homepage of your major program, read about the professors teaching the courses and any special programs available. This will require some digging, but write about a professor that you would like to work wit h. There should also be research opportunities, study abroad programs, guest lectures, etc. that catch your eye. Again, link anything you write about back to what you’ve already done in high school. So if you’re interested in Earth Sciences and pitched your high school on how they can use renewable energy, find something similar that’s being done at USC at the Wrigley Institute.  Once you’ve addressed your specific major, look into USC’s unique academic offerings. In other words, what do you want to study at USC that you can’t study anywhere else? Maybe there are classes outside of your intended academic discipline that could help you with a niche career goal (but don’t repeat information if you answered prompt #2) or a summer program you plan to apply for. The more specific, better.  We’ve given you the information that should be included in your response, but your job is to weave these facts about USC into a story about yourself. Your answer shouldn’t read as a book report on the school, it needs to be a story about yourself with a beginning, middle, and end. Think about how your academic interests came to be and show that there is a natural yet strong link between your background and USC’s offerings.    If you’d like to work with someone one-on-one, contact us here.

Who Invented Vacuum Cleaners

By definition, a vacuum cleaner (also called a vacuum or hoover or a sweeper) is a device that uses an air pump to create a partial vacuum to suck up dust and dirt, usually from floors. That said, the first attempts to provide a mechanical solution to floor cleaning began in England in 1599. Before vacuum cleaners, rugs were cleaned by hanging them over a wall or line and hitting them repeatedly with a carpet beater to pound out as much dirt as possible. On June 8, 1869,  Chicago inventor  Ives McGaffey patented a sweeping machine. While this was the first patent for a device that cleaned rugs, it was not a motorized vacuum cleaner. McGaffey called his machine — a wood and canvas contraption —  the Whirlwind. Today it  is known as the first hand-pumped vacuum cleaner in the United States. John Thurman John Thurman invented a gasoline-powered vacuum cleaner in 1899 and some historians consider it the first motorized vacuum cleaner. Thurmans machine was patented on October 3, 1899 (patent #634,042). Soon after, he started a horse-drawn vacuum system with door to door service in St Louis. His vacuuming services were priced at $4 per visit in 1903. Hubert Cecil Booth British engineer Hubert Cecil Booth patented a motorized vacuum cleaner on August 30, 1901. Booths machine took the form of a large, horse-drawn, petrol-driven unit, which was parked outside the building to be cleaned with long hoses being fed through the windows. Booth first demonstrated his vacuuming device in a restaurant that same year and showed how well it can suck dirt. More Americans inventors  would later introduce variations of the same cleaning-by-suction type contraptions. For example, Corinne Dufour invented a device that sucked dust into a wet sponge and David Kenney designed a huge machine that was installed in a cellar and connected to a network of pipes leading to each room of a house. Of course, these early versions of vacuum cleaners were bulky, noisy, smelly and commercially unsuccessful. James Spangler In 1907,  James Spangler, a janitor in a Canton, Ohio department store, deduced that the carpet sweeper he was using was the source of his chronic coughing. So Spangler tinkered with an old fan motor and attached it to a soap box stapled to a broom handle. Adding in a pillowcase as a dust collector, Spangler invented a new portable and electric vacuum cleaner. He then improved his basic model, the first to use both a cloth filter bag and cleaning attachments. He received a patent in 1908. Hoover Vacuum Cleaners Spangler soon formed the Electric Suction Sweeper Company. One of his first buyers was his cousin, whose husband William Hoover became the founder and president of the Hoover Company, a vacuum cleaner manufacturer. James Spangler eventually sold his patent rights to  William Hoover and continued to design for the company. Hoover went on to finance additional improvements to Spanglers vacuum cleaner. The finished Hoover design resembled a bagpipe attached to a cake box, but it worked. The company produced the first commercial bag-on-a-stick upright vacuum cleaner. And while initial sales were sluggish, they were given a kick by Hoovers innovative 10-day, free home trial. Eventually, there was a Hoover vacuum cleaner in nearly every home. By 1919, Hoover cleaners were widely manufactured complete with the beater bar to establish the time-honored slogan: It beats as it sweeps as it cleans. Filter Bags The Air-way Sanitizor Company, which began in Toledo, Ohio in 1920, introduced a new product called the filter fiber disposable bag,  the first disposable paper dust bag for vacuum cleaners. Air-Way also created the first 2-motor upright vacuum as well as the first power nozzle vacuum cleaner. Air-Way was the first to use a seal on the dirt bag and first to use a HEPA filter on a vacuum cleaner, according to the companys website.   Dyson Vacuum Cleaners Inventor  James Dyson invented the G-force Vacuum cleaner in 1983. It was the first bagless dual cyclone machine. After failing to sell his invention to manufacturers, Dyson created his own company and began marketing the  Dyson Dual Cyclone, which quickly became the  fastest-selling vacuum cleaner ever made in the UK.

Essay on Eva Luna and A Dolls House The Nature Of Power

Discuss the nature of power explored in the texts, Eva Luna, and A Doll’s House In the two texts Eva Luna, and A Doll’s House, by Isabel Allende and Henrik Ibsen respectively, there are various people who have power over others. However this power comes in a number of forms, different characters use it for different purposes, and the ways the characters achieve it also differs. These different natures of power allow some people to succeed where others fail, and it is those who succeed that, in the end, have the true power. In the novel Eva Luna, there are various people who are in positions of power. The one who is the most obvious to the reader is the General; a dictator. He has the power to control and manipulate others to do as†¦show more content†¦For Elvira, it is almost that she can’t cope without one of Eva’s stories to get her through the day. And when they were separated, and she would visit Eva, she would ask Eva for ‘a long story to last till the next visit.’ (Allende, 96) The imagination is a powerful thing, and Eva is able to communicate directly with people’s imaginations. It is this ability to cope in, and move beyond oppressive situations that made her life such a success, and her ambitions more achievable. Eva was able to put up with a lot in her time as a servant. She had the self-power to tolerate much harshness from her employers, but when she was unhappy, she did not contain this unhappiness inside her, and let it destroy her emotionally, as perhaps weaker characters might, she let her mind be known, and this is nowhere more obvious, then when she left her job working for the minister: ‘With absolute aplomb, as if it were something I did every day, I lifted the receptacle high and emptied it over the head of the Minister of State – with a single motion of the wrist liberating myself from humiliation. For an eternal second the Minister sat motionless, eyes bulging.’ (Allende, 101) In the play A Doll’s House, both Nora and Torvald have power over each other. However, they are very different types of power. The power of Torvald over Nora is more obvious because it is economic, physical,

Sql Vs. Relational Databases - 956 Words

To SQL or Not to SQL Relational databases play a major role in making many apps and programs work. They provide an easy way to store large amounts of data in a consistent, non duplicating, and maintainable way to be used by developers for analytical or software use (Advantages of a relational database, n.d.). However, more and more applications and companies with a tremendous amount of data such as search engines, social networks, and e-commerce sites have been requiring a level of speed and scalability that relational databases can not provide (Why NoSQL?, n.d.). NoSQL is a name given to a quickly growing type of database known as non-relational databases, which are being used to store and manage huge amounts of structured, semi-structured, and non-structured data known as Big Data (Why NoSQL? n.d.). With the advent of social networks and apps with millions of users, the rate of growth of non-structured and semi-structured data is exponential, and the value in being able to quickly traverse it, analyze it, and use it for development is also growing quickly (McGuire, Manyika, Chui, 2012). Fundamentally, relational and non relational databases are very different. Relational databases generally follow the ACID transaction principles, while non-relational databases generally follow BASIC principles (Sasaki, 2015). ACID stands for atomic, consistent, isolated, durable; and prioritizes data consistency, stability, and accuracy over speed and scalability (Sasaki,Show MoreRelatedSql Vs. Oracle Server1285 Words   |  6 Pages SQL vs. Oracle Server Dheeraj Balamoori Wilmington University â€Æ' Abstract Databases are most paramount part in today s organizations. 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Reduced Self-Efficacy Smartphone Addiction - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Reduced Self-Efficacy Smartphone Addiction. Answer: Introduction: Efficacy of an individual alone is not enough to complete a task accurately, confidence on selfs ability is also an important factor. The confidence in ones ability was defined as self-efficacy by Psychologist Albert Bandura (Mauer, Neergaard Linstad, 2017). This article discusses self-efficacy, factors influencing it and its importance in different sectors. The article also provides references to different scholarly articles to get an idea of the researches that had been done in the past on self-efficacy. The article had been concluded with some recommendations to improve self-efficacy and authors opinion over the introduction of the self-efficacy in the school curriculum. Self-efficacy is ones own perception of their capabilities over performing a specific task. It does not refer to ones capability of doing a task but rather concerns over their own perception about doing a particular task. Clear conception about self-efficacy can be derived from the idea that an individuals belief over performing an internet related task is internet self-efficacy. The higher the individual belief in ones ability to perform the internet related task, higher their internet self-efficacy level is and the level does not concern over if they can use the internet or not. Self-efficacy is important to bring accuracy to an individuals skill set. It also motivates the observer to attain a higher level of self-efficacy and hence leading to a more productive workplace. Self-efficacy differs from efficacy as the former depends upon the perception of ability to complete the assigned task while the latter concerns over the ability to do the task. Past performance, experience as a spectator, persuasion and some physiological cues are the factors to affect the self-efficacy level in an individual. If an individual has a good experience with a particular task in the past, then her/his self-efficacy level is high but the result will be just opposite in case of bad experiences. Experience as a spectator also influences the self-efficacy level. On noticing someone equivalent to self (or assuming to have same efficacy level) perform a task, one can also gain self-efficacy. When persuaded (verbally or non-verbally) one can also attain higher self-efficacy levels. Though this factor contributes only for a shorter period of time it is an effective factor. Physiological cues like sweating and dry mouth before initiating a task can lead to a decrement in self-eff icacy while a relaxed attitude can lead to exponential increase in the self-efficacy level. Literature Review: A number of different researches and studies have been conducted on self-efficacy and its role in different sectors. In this section, four papers on self-efficacy and Information Technology have been discussed to get a broader image of self-efficacy and its importance. The selected articles have their focus on the necessity of self-efficacy for employees, materialistic people and the students. The articles have been discussed to put forth their research methodology, motivation for the research and the outputs from the research. The models and the tools equipped in conducting the research are also mentioned to get a clear idea about the reliability and dependability of the articles. Relation between self-efficacy and e-learning acceptance: Hsia, Chang Tseng (2014) in their article have tried to deduce a relationship between computer self-efficacy, control locus and employee of a high tech firms capability in acceptance of e-learning. The authors were inspired by the global adaptation of e-learning by high-tech firms for employee training to pursue a research on the same. The authors designed a questionnaire and distributed it among the selected technological firms of Taiwan. The selected firms have adopted e-learning for employee training. The collected data was later analysed SEM (Structural Equalling Model) and CFA (Confirmatory Factor Analysis). The paper has used LISREL 8.54 to analysis the hypothesized relation. The results of the research showed a direct influence of self-efficacy over the e-learning acceptance. The paper also made some recommendations like for the proper implementation of e-learning depending on employees locus of belief and control. Increase in learning efficacy to stay in the competitive mark et was also recommended by the authors. To conclude the paper, the authors pointed out the importance of computer self-efficacy for e-learning. Students self-efficacy of ICT use: This article by Bazer, Pardillo Ruales (2012) discusses the perception of students toward ICTs (Information and Communication Technology) use. The authors were inspired to research on the topic due to the exponential growth of ICTs application and the inclination of the youth especially youth towards it. The papers subject were the final year students of Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEEd) (majoring in English) of Midano State University. The authors adapted descriptive correlational design model for data collection and analyses. Statistical tools like PPMCC (Percentage, Mean, Pearson, Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation) and Likert scale were adopted for analysis of the collected data. The results suggested that the more an individual is interested in ICT, the more individuals self-efficacy increases. The perception of the individual towards the ICT was also considered as a factor influencing self-efficacy level. Self-efficacy leading to smartphone addiction: The article taken in consideration aims at emphasizing whether smartphones are the reason for low self-efficacy or not and vice versa (Lee et al., 2016). The authors in the paper have limited their targeted audience to materialistic people (People who prefer material things over abstracts like love, spiritual, cultural or intellectual values) only. In the article, the authors have put forth the hypothesis, Self-efficacy mediates the positive relationship between materialism and smartphone addiction.. To prove the hypothesized point, the authors tested empirical data that were collected from the two largest smartphone markets of the world namely, the Peoples republic of China and the United States of America. CFA was employed to verify the fact that psychometric properties requirement was met by the subject themes of the paper. Other statistical tools were also adopted for the evaluation of the obtained data. The paper was concluded by proving the hypothesized statement to be true. Th e study also helps in validating the findings, Materialism is a strong predictor of technological addiction. By (Roberts Pirog, 2012). Self-efficacy in CIL: Rohtagi, Schere Hatlevik (2016) in their paper The role of ICT self-efficacy for students' ICT use and their achievement in a computer and information literacy test have tried to evaluate the role that self-efficacy plays for students in ICT use. The authors in the paper have submitted evidence in support for the positive relation between the self-efficacy and ICTs use in literacy of computer and information literacy (CIL). The authors have adopted Response Theory to prove their hypothesis by use of theoretical framework from the past and their own. The authors have concluded the paper on a confusing conclusion. They have supported their hypothesized statement but have also declared that they were unable to determine any positive relation between self-efficacy and ICT use. The papers conclusion has left scope for further research, to determine a relationship between students self-efficacy and use of ICT. In conclusion, to the discussions made above, it can be stated that self-efficacy is a quality that should be at a high level for everyone. It amplifies the productivity of a skilled person and helps in attaining high skill level for an untrained or less skilled individual. A change of perception towards self can be obtained by adopting different methods. The report also took into consideration of some of the scholarly articles that discuss self-efficacy and its implications in different sectors. Some of the articles in the paper have also put forth the importance of self-efficacy for the students. Those articles can be taken into evidence and can be emphasized to recommend that self-efficacy should be introduced in the school curriculum. The reason for the recommendation would be that introduction to self-efficacy at a young age will lead to the development of higher level of self-efficacy in an individual. Hence, self-efficacy should be a topic that must be explicitly taught in sch ools. Self-efficacy is a trait that everyone must possess before they decide to initiate any work. It acts as a catalyst that leads to accuracy in the work performance and personal satisfaction. There was an instance when I participated in a bicycle race and I was also skilled at it. I participated in the race and I was leading throughout the race but as the race progressed I started to lack behind. The elevation of the road had a toll on my self-confidence as I was not sure that I can ride my bicycle to the finish line. My perception of my incapability lead me to lose the race which I completed. The next time I participated in the same race I came second because of my change in perception towards my skills. Scholars have recommended setting up of goals to achieve high self-efficacy and that would be the first step I would take to increase my self-efficacy. I will assign myself simple targets so that with each achievement my self-efficacy will keep increasing. To boost my self-efficacy for an immediate task, I will talk with the person who can motivate me and build up my confidence before the initiation of task. I will also try to keep my anxiety level in check, so that my self-efficacy level remains unchanged during the time of pressure. I think persuading the following methods will keep my self-efficacy in check and with time it will grow as well. References: Bazer, S. C., Pardillo, G. F., Ruales, S. T. P. (2012). Status of Students Perceptions and Self-efficacy on the Use of ICT. InInternational Conference on Education and Management Innovation(pp. 145-149). Hsia, J. W., Chang, C. C., Tseng, A. H. (2014). Effects of individuals' locus of control and computer self-efficacy on their e-learning acceptance in high-tech companies.Behaviour Information Technology,33(1), 51-64. Lee, Y. K., Chang, C. T., Cheng, Z. H., Lin, Y. (2016). How Social Anxiety and Reduced Self-Efficacy Induce Smartphone Addiction in Materialistic People.Social Science Computer Review, 0894439316685540. Mauer, R., Neergaard, H., Linstad, A. K. (2017). Self-efficacy: Conditioning the entrepreneurial mindset. InRevisiting the Entrepreneurial Mind(pp. 293-317). Springer, Cham. Roberts, J. A., Pirog III, S. F. (2012). A preliminary investigation of materialism and impulsiveness as predictors of technological addictions among young adults.Journal of Behavioral Addictions,2(1), 56-62. Rohatgi, A., Scherer, R., Hatlevik, O. E. (2016). The role of ICT self-efficacy for students' ICT use and their achievement in a computer and information literacy test.Computers Education,102, 103-116.

Analyze Your SEO in Google Analytics Search Console

There is an adage in business that â€Å"if you can’t measure it, you can’t improve it.† Well, Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is no different. Being able to measure your SEO progress and success is a crucial part of improving it. Fortunately for businesses, measuring the results of your SEO efforts can be done with a little-known free tool†¦ Google Analytics. Free Actionable Bonus: Looking to elevate your SEO strategy? We partnered with Jay Baer of Convince Convert to create this free ebook on 6 Ways to Fix Your Barebones SEO Strategy. Measure What Matters Before jumping into the technical side of how to measure your SEO performance, it’s important to note that you should measure what matters. In SEO, it’s easy to get caught up in vanity metrics. I’m certainly guilty of patting myself on the back when I see a jump in organic pageviews. But just looking at pageviews doesn’t tell you any about the quality of those views. Instead, we should measure beyond the click. Measuring engagement instead. Just looking at pageviews doesn’t tell you any about the quality of those views. Click To Tweet One important engagement metric is bounce rate. Bounce rate refers to the percentage of people who viewed a single page on your site and then left without clicking any other pages. While there are some situations that a high bounce rate makes sense, typically, a high bounce rate is a big issue. Bounce rate is particularly useful for measuring the organic performance of your blog and other content. That’s because a falling bounce rate means that people are more interested in what you have to say and that you’re convincing people to engage with more content. But that’s not to say that you should ignore pageviews. Measuring organic pageviews over time is an excellent way to measure your overall SEO performance. Analyzing Your SEO Performance in Google Analytics The first step of measuring SEO performance is getting an overall picture of how you’re doing. Looking at changes in your total organic traffic over longer-term periods can give you an indication if your SEO strategy is working well or not. Organic Traffic Increasing organic traffic is one of the main indications of a successful search marketing strategy. To check your organic traffic in Google Analytics, go to Acquisition All Traffic Channels. From there you’ll be able to see how your organic traffic compares to other channels like referral and social. If your organic traffic growth rate is flat or falling, that’s a sign that you may need to adjust your content and SEO strategy. But as I mentioned above, traffic alone doesn’t tell the full story. Which pages are driving the extratraffic? Which keywords are you ranking for? Is organic traffic engaging with the content they land on? We can answer that too. Measuring Your SEO Performance by Page Websites don’t rank for keywords – pages do. Websites don’t rank for keywords – pages do. Click To Tweet For this reason, it makes sense to measure your SEO success by individual page. Looking at page-level data allows you to see which pages on your site are providing the most SEO value and which could use some work. You can find your page-level data by navigating to Behavior Site Content All Pages. To filter this view to only show organic traffic you simply need to change the segment from All Users to Organic Traffic From there you can dig into the data in some different ways. For example: Compare the time on page for different pages and content. Identifying the pages that people spend the most time on provides you with some insight into what interests your readers and what they’re looking for. Are any pages particularly good are driving goal conversions? Sort your pages by your various goals to see which pages are leading the best at converting organic traffic. Landing Pages Another good way to dig into page-level data is by looking at your landing pages. Landing pages refer to the first page a searcher lands on when visiting your site (i.e. the page they click on from a Google SERP.) To find your landing page data in Google analytics, click Behavior Site Content Landing Pages Again, you’ll need to make sure to use the Organic Traffic segment from the last example. You should hopefully be seeing a solid number of pageviews, time on page and goal conversions. If some of your landing pages aren’t performing well, then audit those pages and ask yourself: Does the page content live up to the title? Are there any formatting or design issues? Can you improve the visual appeal of the article? More Ways to Use Google Analytics to See What’s Working (And What Isn’t) Social Signals Now that search engine algorithms are taking into account social signals to determine content relevancy and calculate search rankings, it’s worth knowing which social channels are driving the most traffic to your site. Is LinkedIn bringing in more traffic than Twitter? Creating more content specifically for these social networks can help boost social signals even more. Bounce Rates If visitors are only viewing one page on your site, you have a problem with site architecture, site usability, or your actual content. Apart from ensuring your site is user-friendly, make sure the keywords that are driving traffic are relevant to your marketing goals. Do the web pages that visitors arrive on properly address the underlying questions contained in these search terms? Review your bounce rates for different pages to see which pages need special attention. Site Speed It’s common knowledge that site speed affects search rankings, and since Google’s Hummingbird update it’s even more significant. Google knows that people today expect sites to load quickly, so slow-loading sites are being penalized. Check your site speed reports and follow Google’s Webmaster guidelines to ensure you’re getting it right. SEO Ranking Something as simple as checking your search rankings can be a strong indication of the effectiveness of your SEO content strategy. Increasing your brand’s overall web presence is one important aspect of SEO, so analyze your rankings for certain keyword phrases. To get a more accurate measure of online visibility, focus on long-tail keywords. Backlinks As your content spreads, you should see the number of backlinks to your website grow, but it’s important to focus on their quality. Look at the domain authority of the websites linking to your content. Analyzing the anchor text data can also help you understand how people perceive your brand. When you know the details, you can focus on delivering content based around these terms. Indexed Pages Do you have the correct number of web pages indexed with Google? For example, if you publish 100 pages but Google finds only 50, there’s something wrong with your site structure. It could be because there are no links pointing to new pages or duplicate content issues. To check how many pages of your website Google are indexing, type: â€Å"site:† followed by your domain name into Google search. Organic Conversions Finding out what proportion of your visitors convert is key to developing an effective SEO strategy. How you define conversions will vary depending on your marketing goals, but measuring conversion rates can help you work out how effective your content is and whether you need to improve calls-to-action and site architecture. It will also show you which keywords are attracting the most valuable traffic. Branded and Non-Branded Keywords Attracting organic search traffic through branded keywords is fine, but you could be missing out on traffic from non-branded search terms. Do you have enough unique in-depth content for your website that describes your brand? Check what percentage of traffic comes from non-branded keyword phrases and if it’s low, start developing content based around these search terms. Analyze Your SEO by Keyword Alternatively, you can measure your SEO success by keyword. That said, Google Analytics doesn’t do a great job of showing you keyword data. To find the small amount of keyword data available, navigate to Acquisition Campaigns Organic Keywords. The first thing you’ll notice is that the majority of your organic keywords are â€Å"(not provided).† Not very helpful. You can improve this report by setting the secondary dimension as â€Å"landing page† This will at least break the (not provided) up by which page was clicked, which is better, but still not great. If you’re interested in learning more about secondary dimensions, check out our post How to Gain Deeper Insights Using Secondary Dimensions in Google Analytics For accessing your keyword data, you’ll want to head over to a different (but also free) Google product – Google Search Console. Setting Up Google Search Console The first step to setting up your Search Console is making sure you have a Google Analytics account. After that, setting things up is straightforward: 1. Go to Google Search Console and sign in 2. Once you’re signed in, click â€Å"Add A Property† 3. Next, enter the URL of your website 4. Then verify the website using one of the four options provided: Uploading an HTML file Verify using your hosting provider Verify using Google Tags Verify using you Google Analytics Tracking ID (Recommended) I recommend using verifying your website using the Google Analytics Tracking ID because it’s the fastest and easiest method. And just like that, you’re all set up. Now that your Search Console is ready, you just have to wait for data to start rolling in. Once you have some data, there are some different ways you can use Google Search Console to analyze SEO. 7 Ways to Analyze SEO in Google Search Console 1. The Best Keyword Data (Not Provided) Alternative Thanks to some Google updates, marketers can no longer see all of the keywords driving organic traffic in Google Analytics. While you can still access some keyword data using Search Console, it’s not as comprehensive as before. Under â€Å"Search Traffic† you can see a keyword report, showing impressions, clicks, average ranking positions, and more. Monitoring these keywords over time will help you see where to refine your content and how to improve your keyword strategy. This is an incredibly useful report because you can slice up the data in many different ways. In addition to impressions and clicks, you can filter the data by keywords, pages, and other parameters. For instance, how much traffic are you branded keywords sending? Filter the keywords to include your company name so you can see how many people are searching for you directly. Alternatively, check which blog posts the most successful at driving traffic to your site by filtering the pages to only include your blog. 2. Pinpoint Your Site’s Broken Pages When visitors to your site cannot access certain pages, you’re bound to lose some valuable traffic and potential customers – they’ll just find another site. In this scenario, all your SEO work and content means nothing, so it’s vital to fix these errors as soon as you can. Under the â€Å"Crawl Errors† tab, you’ll find data from the last 90 days about which pages returned an HTTP error and which ones Googlebot had trouble crawling. You can then fix any issues to ensure every visitor has full access to your site. 3. Analyze Your Link Profile Search Console can give you some valuable data on all your backlinks. Under â€Å"Search Traffic† you’ll find â€Å"Links to Your Site† which will show you all the websites that link to your site. If you have a huge website, it may not list all the links, but for smaller websites, all the links will be shown. You can even download the list of the URLs for reference. 4. Check Your Site Speed Since the Hummingbird update, site speed has become an important part of SEO. Using PageSpeed Insights, you can find out how long your website contenttakes to load. Improving your page load times is key to improving the user experience and getting more visitors to stay on your site. To access this tool, in the Find Crawl Web Tools Other Resources and then click the â€Å"PageSpeed Insights† link. Insert your URL and click â€Å"Analyze.† You can then use the suggestions to improve your page load times. 5. Enable Email Notifications from Google In the Webmaster Tools preferences menu, click on â€Å"Enable email notifications.† You can then select the specific issues you want to be alerted about. If you are penalized by Google, or there are any other issues with your site, Google will email you immediately. This is a simple way to give yourself peace of mind while you are focusing on other SEO tasks. 6. Use the HTML Improvements Report Under â€Å"Search Appearance† you’ll find â€Å"HTML Improvements.† This gives you a breakdown of any problems concerning your site’s title tags, meta descriptions, and other issues Google encountered while indexing your site. For example, you can find out if you have duplicate title tags and meta descriptions, helping you to make essential changes that will boost your SEO power. 7. Consider the Disavow Tool Sometimes your site may be penalized by Google even when you don’t intentionally do anything wrong. In these cases, you need to remove these penalties as soon as possible to get your site back on track and recover your page rankings. Access the disavow tool, look for poor-quality links and then request that Google remove them. Google will treat these links as â€Å"nofollow† links. Be very careful here. Google can often tell which links are spammy as soon as they link to your site, meaning in many cases you don’t have to worry about it disavowing. Plus, disavowing links incorrectly could cost you. It can take a while to get to grips with Google Search Console, but if you use these suggestions, you can ensure you are maximizing your SEO efforts and building a website that performs better in search engine results pages. Over to You Now that you’re better equipped to measure your SEO success, how is it doing? A successful SEO strategy requires high-quality content, so if you could use some help creating awesome content then get in touch.

The Sociological Perspective - How to Think Like a Sociologist

The Sociological Perspective - How to Think Like a Sociologist Sociology can be defined simply as the study of society, but the practice of sociology is much more than a field of study it is a way of seeing the world. The sociological perspective involves recognizing and evaluating the effects of social relationships and social structures and forces, considering the present day in historical context and takes for granted that society is socially constructed and thus changeable. It is a perspective that fosters critical thinking, the posing of critical questions, and the pursuit of solutions. Understanding the sociological perspective is crucial to understanding the field itself, social theory, and why and how sociologists conduct the research they do. Examining Social Relationships When sociologists look at the world and try to understand why things are the way they are, they look for relationships, and not just those between people. They look for relationships between individuals and the social groups they might identify with or be identified with, like those of  race, class, gender, sexuality, and nationality, among others; connections between individuals and the communities they live in or are  affiliated with; and, relationships between individuals and institutions, like media, religion, family, and law enforcement. Within sociology, this is known as looking at the connections between the micro and the macro, or the  individual aspects of social life, and the  large-scale groups, relationships, and trends that compose society. Considering the Effects of Social Structures and Forces Sociologists look for relationships because they want to understand the causes of trends and problems in society so that they can make recommendations on how to address them. At the heart of sociology is the recognition that social structures and forces, like those described above and others too, shape a person’s worldview, beliefs, values, expectations, sense of what is normal, and right and wrong. In doing so, social structures and forces shape our experiences, how we interact with other people, and ultimately, the trajectories and outcomes of our lives. Most social structures and forces are not immediately visible to us, but we can find them when we look beneath the surface of everyday life. Introducing students to the field, Peter Berger wrote, â€Å"It can be said that the first wisdom of sociology is this- things are not what they seem.† The sociological perspective urges us to ask the unasked questions about the things we consider normal, natural, and inevitable, in order to illuminate the underlying social structures and forces that produce them. How to Ask Sociological Questions Sociologists seek complex answers to what many would consider simple questions. Berger suggested that there are four key questions at the heart of sociology that allow us to see the connections between everyday life and social structure and forces. They are: What are people doing with each other here?What are their relationships to each other?How are these relationships organized in institutions?What are the collective ideas that move men [sic] and institutions? Berger suggested that asking these questions transforms the familiar into something otherwise unseen, and leads to â€Å"a transformation of consciousness.† C. Wright Mills called this transformation of consciousness â€Å"the sociological imagination.†Ã‚  When we examine the world through this lens, we see how our current moment and personal  biographies sit within the trajectory of history. Using the sociological imagination to examine our own lives, we might question how social structures, forces, and relationships have given us certain privileges, like access to wealth and prestigious schools;  or, how social forces like racism might make us disadvantaged as compared with others. The Importance of Historical Context The sociological perspective always includes historical context in its view of society, because if we want to understand why things are the way they are, we have to understand how they got that way. So, sociologists often take the long view, by, for example, looking at the shifting nature of the class structure over time, how the relationship between the economy and culture has evolved over centuries, or, how limited access to rights and resources in the past continues to impact historically marginalized people today. The Empowering Nature of the Sociological Perspective Mills believed that the sociological imagination could  empower people to make change in their lives and in society because it allows us to see that what we often perceive as â€Å"personal troubles,† like not making enough money to support ourselves or our families, are actually â€Å"public issues†- problems that course through society and are a product of flaws in the social structure, like inadequate minimum wage levels. The empowering nature of the sociological imagination points to another fundamentally important aspect of the sociological perspective: that society and all that happens within it is made by people. Society is a social product, and as such, its structures, its institutions, norms, ways of life, and problems are changeable. Just as social structures and forces act on us and shape our lives, we act on them with our choices and actions. Throughout our daily lives, in mundane and sometimes momentous ways, our behavior either validates and reproduces society as it is, or it challenges it and remakes it into something else. The sociological perspective allows us to see how both outcomes are possible.

How New Media Changed the Way in Which Individuals Communicate Coursework - 3

How New Media Changed the Way in Which Individuals Communicate - Coursework Example Unarguably, the Internet is central to the sophistication of information and communication. It has enabled people - through their computer systems and mobile network devices - to be networked together so that they interact real-time. A resident of London, for instance, could chat with a friend from Chile, read an on-going news story about what is happening in Libya and buy some apparel from a manufacturing outfit in China. All these feats could be accomplished at the same time, from the comfort of the Londoners own home and just with some clicks of his mouse. It is easy to understand how people regard the Internet as a blessing for the sheer reason that it makes life so much easier and for knowledge to be gained at the speed of light. Presently, the global Internet users are fast approaching its 2 billionth mark. (World Internet Usage 2011) Because of this, the Internet became a platform for communication as well as a form of digital community that people could take advantage of for whatever objective, cause and purpose they have. For example, there is the issue of online trade or more popularly known as e-commerce. Organizations through the Internet gain access to millions upon millions of consumers to sell goods and services. At the other end of this equation, there are also those millions who turn to the medium in order to find and buy goods and services. Today, trade of all kinds and in all volumes peruses the Internet as an integral part of the sales process because it eliminates several steps and barriers in the ordinary trading process. Because of the Internets capability, production and sale of goods and services have become cost-efficient, benefitting the producer and the consumer in the process. The type of communication offered by online infrastructure has provided users with a facilitated way by which their economic or  commercial needs are satisfied. Online trade and marketing are now so sophisticated that they are permeated people’s online lives.

The Social, Economic, and Political Situation of Kuwait post Gulf War Essay

The Social, Economic, and Political Situation of Kuwait post Gulf War 1990-1991 - Essay Example Even before the Gulf War, Kuwait was facing some political conflicts with Iraq regarding territory occupation, oil, and debts. However, the political system and foreign relations of Kuwait altered after Iraq’s invasion, along with a constant fear of another attack from Iraq. The Gulf War also had a significant impact on Kuwait’s social conditions, especially on the role of women and Shiites, attitudes regarding Palestinians, and social welfare of the people. Although Kuwait gained victory from Iraq within days of the invasion, the social, political, and economic situation of Kuwait post war was a far cry from the situation that existed before the war (Ashkanani, Hadi Ridha., Shears, Jane. 21; Czinkota, Michael R., Ronkainen, Ilkka A. 618; Crystal, Jill. 176; Isiorho, Soloman A., Gritzner, Charles F. 85, 94, 95; Fasihuddin; Omar, Abdullah; Shenon, Philip; Finlan, Alastair 83, 84; Cordesman, Anthony H 14, 15; Al-Mughni, Haya; Federal Research Division 83; Cushman Jr, John H.). Before the Gulf War, in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the economy of Kuwait was mainly based on trade. It gained a lot of maritime advantage through trade with Asia, Africa, and Europe because of its strategically located natural port. The dependence of Kuwait’s economy then shifted to pearl diving in the nineteenth and early twentieth century. The reason for this was also the gulf, which provided natural pearl banks for harvesting by merchants and sailors. Closely linked to pearl diving was the emergence of the shipbuilding industry, as well as fishing. Trade and maritime occupations remained important monetary sources for Kuwait’s merchant class and foreign orientation till 1990. However, this economy was not enough to provide for most of Kuwait’s population, especially those outside the merchant families and ruling families. Pearl diving slowly began to decline, and came to a sudden halt in the 1920’s due to the Great Depression and Ja pan’s manufacture of an alternative for natural pearls (Federal Research Division 84, 85). Nevertheless, Kuwait’s economy got a chance to thrive when petroleum was discovered in its region in 1938. Its drilling was disrupted as a result of the World War, but then resumed in 1945. Kuwait further got an opportunity to prosper when oil was explored, produced, and exported in the 1950’s. A lot of revenue was gained due to the high demand of oil by foreign countries, and this revenue was used to improve Kuwait’s economy. Industries, social and physical infrastructure was built, along with much spending on the social and economic welfare of Kuwait’s people. This period between 1960 and 1980 was known as the ‘construction boom’, and became a magnet for large number of workers, especially from Iran, South Asia, and Arab countries. The strategic location of Kuwait’s gulf, and its enhanced communication and port facilities, contributed to an expansion of re-exports, trade, and many other commercial activities (Federal Research Division 85; Fasihuddin). However, the invasion and take over by Iraq led to various adverse economic consequences for Kuwait and disrupted its continuous economic development. The first thing Kuwait’s economy had to face was the hefty costs incurred as a result of the war. When Kuwait’s rulers had gone in exile, they had drawn down from Kuwait’

Library catalog Essay Example for Free

Library catalog Essay Today, libraries are intensified and triggered by many advances and rapid inventions of science and technology that are greatly affecting the library operations as a whole. The non-stop discoveries of this new technology, particularly computers, redefined the role of libraries. A library is a collection of information, sources, resources, books, and services, and the structure in which it is housed. It is organized for use and maintained by a public body, an institution, or a private individual. In a more traditional sense, a library is a collection of books (â€Å"Library†, 2009). The library, more than any instrument of the society, is open to public use and the knowledge embodied in books are the foundation of a society to attain or develop more the potentialities of man which in return, will be a great factor in the progress of a nation. The library has the responsibility to upgrade its status through open access to these advances, to develop a plan of action in order to contribute and to become an effective partner especially in instruction, research and extension programs of an educational institute (Enem, 2002). From the statements above it is proven that the library has a big role not only to the students but also to the society and our country. Through the help of modern technology and information system, the library circulation system can improve. Library circulation or library lending comprises the activities around the lending of library books and other material to users of a lending library. A circulation or lending department is one of the key departments of a library (â€Å"LC†, 2009). Library circulation provides lending services and facilities for return of loaned items. Renewal of materials and payment of fines are also handled at the circulation desk. Circulation staff may provide basic search and reference services, though more in-depth questions are usually referred to reference librarians at the library reference desk. The circulation desk is in most cases staffed by library aides instead of professional librarians. The functions of the circulation desk staff may include the lending materials to library users, checking in materials returned, monitoring materials for damage and routing them to the appropriate staff for repair or replacement, troubleshooting circulation technology, i.e. library circulation software, scanners, printers, etc. , and collecting statistics on library use, i. e. patron transactions, material checkouts, etc. The two categories of Information System (IS) are the manual or traditional system and automatic or also known as Computer-Based Information System (CBIS). Before the use of CBIS, all the data are processed manually in a traditional system, where all the information are written and stored in different files. Sometimes, this process is called non-computerized system. Non-computerized is not efficient because it consumes a lot of time to find and update the information. To eliminate this problem, a new system was created which is known as computerized system or CBIS. Computer-Based Information Systems (CBIS) is composed of hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures that are configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information (Abraham, 2009). The library of University of the Philippines Diliman was established in 1922 has grappled with four basic concerns: the book fund, staff development, library services and information technology. And in 1999 the university had opened an online public access catalog and launched the university library web. Another school that has a library system running in web based is the De La Salle-College of Saint Benilde in 1999. Each year, the school library acquires new resources and upgrades equipment for the use of students. As of august 2009, the library has a collection of over 122,000 book titles and more than 45,000 titles of electronic books. Using CBIS nowadays as a tool for development not only uplifts a company’s reputation, but also help fix things to the best. And also by using the intranet as a platform of the system can be a great help for improving the services of the library. An intranet is a private computer network that uses Internet technologies to securely share any part of an organizations information or operational systems with its employees. Sometimes the term refers only to the organizations internal website, but often it is a more extensive part of the organizations computer infrastructure and private websites are an important component and focal point of internal communication and collaboration (King, 2002). Mr. A. T. Valdes, the librarian of NPCMSTI said that the library is an instrument that is used to provide data and information needed by the student in his study by collecting books that are important in their subjects as references. He added that from the books collected and selected, they are maintained in  order to be available to the students when the need it (personal communication, April 6, 2002). In addition, there are problems encountered in the manual or traditional library system of NPCMSTI based from the study conducted by the students of NPCMSTI. These include more effort and slow inventory of books, inefficient searching of books, inefficient generation of reports, and inefficient monitoring of books. The library has more than 4000 number of books and monitoring all these books require a lot of time and effort (Carreon, Delmendo, Maala, Mendoza Penequito, 2008). Considering the advantages brought by CBIS and the problems encountered in the existing library system of NPCMSTI, the researcher decided to propose a computerized library system for NPCMSTI. Company Background The vision of the NPCMSTI library is to be a functional media center for meritorious resources especially in Nautical Science or Marine Transportation, Marine Engineering, Computer Science, Criminology, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, and Technical Vocational courses towards an excellent training development of professionals, diligent seafarers and skilled workers in the community. Its mission is to seek endeavor to provide quality service and to support the school’s educational programs, planning, research and extension services and instructional needs of the academic through stipulating bits of information comprehensively in any structure, in any part of the country, and of the whole world. Quality Objectives. The school library has the following objectives: (1) to strengthen and upgrade the library resources; (2) to upgrade library facilities and equipment;(3) to train personnel to enhance their technical skills and competitiveness; and (4) to link and network with local, national and international institutions. The library has a total of 11,832 book collections from the Degree courses to Non-Degree courses. The primary function of a library system are to facilitate the loan of books to borrowers, record receipt of returned books, and keep track of the status of books that should be returned. Reference Services. The obligation of the library is to render full assistance to readers in using the library and its contents. The librarian handles library resources such as dictionaries, encyclopedias, almanacs, biographies, atlases, and gazetteers. Orientation. The librarian’s unique responsibility is to utilize fully his resources in making as nearly certain as possible that the best materials for the particular purpose find their way to the readers. Also, the librarian serves as the mediator between man and the graphic records that he and his previous generations have produced and that the goal of the library is to maximize the social utility of graphic records for the benefit of the society. Library Hours. The library is open with its continuous hour service, from Monday to Friday which starts from 7:30 in the morning until 5:00 in the afternoon. Responsibilities of the Library Staff. The Northern Philippines College for Maritime, Science and Technology Library is manned by a Librarian, Assistant Librarian, and Library assistants. The Librarian shall administer the library, direct the activities of the staff, keep financial records of the library, keep records of the replacement of books, in charge of collecting and monitoring late fees, select and purchase books, library materials and supplies, stimulate growth of library services, attend library meetings or seminars, undertake indexing, classification and cataloging books and non-book materials and maintain relations to publishers and distributors. The Assistant Librarian shall take charge in absence of the librarian, help the librarian in indexing, classifying and cataloging of books and responsible for materials like clippings, periodicals and other documents, take charge in clipping and binding press and reviews, undertake the processing of books and non-book materials from putting accession number and stamping ownership mark to shelving. The Library Assistant shall issue and retrieve books at the circulation section, do the shelving and shelf reading of books retrieved, Paste torn pages of books and periodicals, undertake filing of clippings in the vertical file, type book cards, paste pockets and date due slips in books, cover books with plastic cover, stamp on books and periodicals, and file cards in the card catalogue. Cataloging and Classification. In the cataloging and classification of the book collections, the Anglo-American Cataloging Rules is adopted and the method used to describe an item that the library acquired. Also, the Dewey Decimal Classification System, the Sears List of Subject Heading and the Cutter Number of Tables are used in the NPCMSTI library. Borrowers. The student registered in the college, faculty members, staff, administrators, alumni of the college, and scholars or researchers from other institutions or organizations with endorsement letter from their librarians can use the services of the library. Importance of the Study This study is important to the following entities: To the Community. Through the help of this study it shall uplift the community’s education of the Filipinos by improving the services of the library. To the NPCMSTI. The output of the study shall be a great aid to the people using the library in the school. By improving and implementing the computerized system, books are monitored and also the quality of service that the school renders shall be uplifted and it also helps meet the vision and mission of the school. To the Staff-in Charge. The output of the study shall help easy recording and accessing of books records. By this study, librarians can monitor the status of the book at the library if it is available or borrowed. They can easily generate book reports such as available books, borrowed books, and inventory of the books by category. From this they shall save time and effort, and they can do more output in simple way. To the Faculty. The study would be beneficial to them for faster searching of the book information. By using the computerized system, the instructor can determine the book information in which they can use as their references in their subjects that they are teaching. They can also determine the book status whether it is available or borrowed by using the search feature of the system. From this they can save more time and effort. To the Students. The study would be beneficial to them in which searching of the book information would be faster. By using the computerized system, the student can determine the book information and also the book status if it is available or borrowed by using the search feature of the system or if they know the title of the book they want to borrow, they can easily determine if that book is available at the library, from this study they can save more time and effort. To other Researchers. This shall be a reference in conducting studies related to computer on wider prospective and may also serve as a basis for further study related to computer program. To the Researcher. Through this, the researcher shall be able to determine and appreciate the impact using technology for the productivity of every individual. Statement of the Problem The main aim of the study was to design and develop a computerized library circulation system for NPCMSTI. Specifically, the project aimed to answer the following questions: 1. What are the processes involved in the existing library circulation system of NPCMSTI along the areas on: a) borrowing and returning of books and other reading materials, and b) inventory of books and other reading materials, and  report generation? 2. What system features can be incorporated in the proposed library system in terms of: a) functionalities, b) back-up and restoration facilities, and c) security and control measures? Objectives of the Study The researcher aimed to design and develop a computerized library circulation system for NPCMSTI. Specifically, the study aimed to achieve the following: 1. Identify the processes involved in the existing library circulation system of NPCMSTI along the areas on: a) borrowing and returning of books and other reading materials, and  b) inventory of books and other reading materials, and report generation. 2. To determine the system features that can be incorporated in the proposed library system in terms of: a) functionalities, b) back-up and restoration facilities, and c) security and control measures. Definition of Terms The following terms are operationally defined: Administration. This refers to the supervision of the library by full-time, professionally-trained staff under a well-defined organizational setup. Back-up. This is the capability of the system to create a copy of the database. Book Category. The classification of a books as Filipiniana or Foreign. Borrowing of books. This is the process of lending available books and reading materials at the library. Inventory of Books. The process of generating a list of books borrowed, list of books available, and list of Filipiniana books and Foreign books by course. Filipiniana. These are books and non-book materials, published in the Philippines or abroad, written by Filipinos in any dialects or in English. Foreign. These are books and non-book materials, published in the Philippines or abroad, written by foreigners in any dialects or in English. Library System Functionality Features. These are the functions that are incorporated in the system such as searching of books, and verifying of borrowed books and returned books. Library Automation. It is an innovation using the computer to enhance the operation of the library. Library Circulation. It is comprised of the activities around the lending and borrowing of library books and other material to users. Library Environment. This refers to the physical condition, site, facilities and equipment of the library. Library Resources. This refers to the library personnel, book collection, services and use of the library. Non-print. These are non-book materials in various formats and style. Readers Services. These are services provided to customer such as bibliographical instruction on the effective use of the library, abstracting, information retrieval, reader’s guidance, and indexing. Report Generation. The process of generating a report on books needed by the librarian. Restore. Capability of the system that restores backup database into the system. Returning of Books. The process of returning the borrowed book at the library by the borrower. Searching of Books. The process of searching books at the library. Security measures. These are the computer controls that the library system will adopt in-order to protect the information or data in the database. Services. These are the activities that ensures maximum access and availability of resources and satisfactory use of the Library. Staff. They are the human resource of the library that maintains the services. This includes the professionals and the non-professional staff.

Flattery in Pride and Prejudice Essay example -- Pride and Prejudice

Flattery in Pride and Prejudice Since its composition in 1797, Jane Austin's Pride and Prejudice has enjoyed two centuries of literary esteem not because of its witty dialogue or its tantalizing plot, but because of its universal themes that allow modern readers to identify with early Victorian life. Although the novel focuses on the etiquette of courtship, related social rituals are also prevalent throughout the story. William Collins, a rector in Pride and Prejudice, uses excessive flattery to persuade people to look upon him favorably. He even lavishly praises himself to enhance his self-esteem. While the sycophant's peculiar behavior is comical at first glance, its emphasis in the story portends a greater social meaning that is illuminated upon evaluation of his flattery with relevance to the plot. In Pride and Prejudice, Austin suggests through Collins' mannerisms that one flatters others to enlist their future support and one flatters oneself to ensure individual prosperity. Pertaining to others, Austin endows Collins with a motive of personal gain and later removes that objective, establishing a strong correlation between flattery and selfish advantage. As the legal heir to the Bennet family's estate once its patriarch dies, Collins offers unwarranted praise along with his hand in marriage to one of the daughters. Apart from flattering the family to marry one of its girls, his profuse compliments also extend to his wealthy benefactress and also, of course, to himself. However, Collins' compliments toward the family end after he fails to marry on... ...lattery may have academic influence, she allows Collins to smother praise on anything that might prove advantageous to his affluence, from which one may surmise that flattery contributes to personal prosperity in any form. This truth becomes readily apparent upon contrasting Collins' behavior in situations wherein he may or may not have something to gain through flattery. Of course, this mundane reiteration about flattery must be particularly monotonous to a reader who has already demonstrated a profound grasp of literature by deftly maneuvering through and deliberating upon mistakes previous to this point, so it is for that intelligent and sophisticated reader that this paper ends abruptly. Work Cited Austin, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. Norwalk: The Easton Press, 1997.

Heritage, Traditions and Beliefs Essay

All around us, there are different cultures, races, and ways of life that we interact with. Even with all of the differences, we still somehow manage to live in harmony with each other. If we think about it, we all live in one place; Earth. There are different perspectives and stories as to how it came about. These stories about the earth’s origin also reflect the different heritages, traditions, and beliefs that we see around us. The stories from the Native Americans, Africans, Mayan civilization, scientific origins of life and the book of genesis from the bible will be discussed in this essay. The Native Americans, called Navajo believe in the power of the Wind. They believed that life came from the wind. The breath that comes from our mouths gives us life. When the wind stops to blow, our life ends and we die. The Navajo also believes that their ancestors are always with them. The presence of wind trail on their fingertips shows them their ancestors. They believe that every living and non-living things are connected with the power of the wind. The Africans, specifically from the tribe of Yoruba, the people of Nigeria, Togo, and Benin, believe in the supreme being, Olorun and his assistants, Orishas, heavenly entities. David A. Anderson wrote this story. The story started with Oluron with orishas living in the sky in a baobab tree. Oluron being a great being allows the orishas to roam around. Obatala, a curious orisha, left the baobab tree and found a vast empty ocean below the mist. Obatala asked Olorun for permission to go down to the vast ocean and make something solid in the waters below. Olorun allowed Obatala’s request. Before starting his journey, Obatala asked for the help of Orunmila, the orisha seer. She advised Obatala to prepare the following things for his journey; a chain of gold, sand, palm nuts, maize, and a sacred egg, which carries the personalities of all the orishas. So Obatala hooked the chain of gold to the sky and climbed down to the vast empty ocean. He went down for seven days and when he reached the end, he waited for the advice of Orunmila to pour the sand into the water. A vast land was formed from the water. Obatala was still unsure of what to do. The sacred egg, which he hid inside his clothes near his heart hatched as Obatala’s heart pounded stronger. The Sankofa, a bird bearing the spirits of all the orishas, came out. As it flew around the solidified land, it formed dunes, hills, and lowlands. Eventually, Obatala released the chain and walked in the land that he named â€Å"Ife†. As Obatala explored the land, he scattered the seeds that he brought with him and so plants started to grow. Obatala made images of him out of clay and he was pleased. Olorun, being pleased with what Obatala did, made a fireball for the clay to be cooked and Olorun’s breath brought life to the figures. The Mayan civilization’s story of creation is called the Popol Vuh. The story started with Heart-of-sky, also called Maker, Modeler, Kukulkan, and Hurricane, whom they regarded as the almighty. It was only him who existed and he realized he needed someone to talk about his name and praise him. By mere speaking, earth emerged followed by mountains, trees and land. When Heart-of-sky sees that everything is going well, he created the animals to roam the land. He ordered the animals to praise him, but all they did was make animal sounds, thus he ordered that animals shall serve the people, whom he made to praise him. It took Heart-of-sky two attempts to make people, the first was made of mud and was loop-sided and spoke nonsense, and so he decided to let it dissolve away. The second was made from wood. Doll woods were mad, but did not have blood, sweat or minds. They did not respect their creator so flood was casted to the land, it destroyed the homes of the dolls and later on they are called monkeys. Thus, this explains the similar features of monkeys to humans. The scientific origin of life focuses in two main people, namely Pasteur and Darwin. With Pasteur’s experiments, he supported that God created the earth. He believed that life couldn’t arise from inanimate matter. In connection to this, Pasteur believed in the aid of the divine creator. Darwin’s theory, on the other hand, states that the first life on earth came from inanimate matter. Another theory was that the earth was an eternal entity according to Iris Fry, a historian of biology. Earth and life being eternal means that it did not come from anything, but it just existed before everything else. Lastly, the term â€Å"Panspermia†, from the Latin word â€Å"pan† meaning all states that sperms of life wanders the universe and takes root at any planet that meets its living condition. Svante Arrhenius in Sweden promoted this idea. The early idea that life and earth are eternal is outdated. People started to wonder where we came from and thus the idea was lost. Panspermia or Transpermia describes the transfer of life from planet to planet. The story of creation from the book of genesis of the holy bible depicts the seven-day creation of earth by God. Each day was described with the building of different things like, the separation of land and water, animals and humankind creation. On the seventh day, seeing that everything was perfect, God was pleased and so he had a rest that day. It was believed that God made everything on earth; He named all creatures in His power and ordered them to follow Adam. It ended when God was pleased with men and eventually gave the Garden of Eden for them to take care of. In comparison of these beliefs, the Native Americans belief with the origin of life is somehow similar with Darwin’s theory on life. Both stories pointed out that life came from non-living objects. Through the wind, everything came to life and through it people are connected with the environment. Similar with Darwin, he believed that inanimate objects are responsible for our existence. Compared to the points discussed earlier, the stories of the Africans, Mayans and the book of genesis all believe in a supreme being, who made everything. Olorun, Heart-of-sky and God, these are the names of each creator. Even with such different titles, they are the same. Their only differences are on the details on how they made life. Each stories started with the divine existence followed by their prime need to create something or someone to worship them. Their stories ended with the creation of their subordinates, people. In addition scientist Pasteur, who made one of the major contributions scientifically, supports the story of creation from the book of genesis. In conclusion, these five stories about life’s origin are somehow interconnected. Each is presented differently. The elements of the stories reflect their culture. After comparing each story with others, it only shows the importance of our beginning. By knowing the differences and similarities of each, I have come to understand that everyone deserves respect regardless of their origin. The comparison I have made will help me interact better with my future patients because of the culture reflected in each stories. We live in one place, one atmosphere, and one sky and yet each of us has our own belief in life. We came about evolution differently based on the area we live in. To preserve each race, tribe and community, we made stories of it, which reflects our culture and traditions. These stories were made so others may understand and respect our way of living.

How to Find Cheap or Free Textbooks Online

Textbooks can cost a small fortune. It seems that every year the required texts get heavier and the prices get higher. According to a study from the Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance, students can easily pay between $700 and $1000 for books during a single year. An undergraduate student may end up paying up to $4,000 on books before he or she receives a degree. Unfortunately, distance learners don’t always escape this fate. While some online schools offer a virtual curriculum, free of charge, the majority of online colleges still require their students to purchase traditional textbooks with hefty price tags. Books for one or two classes could total in the hundreds. However, showing a little shopping savvy could save you a significant amount of cash. Better Than Cheap The only thing that’s better than cheap is free. Before you even check the bookstore, take a look to see if you can find the material elsewhere. There are dozens of virtual libraries that offer reference material and literature with no cost to the reader. While newer texts are unlikely to be online, hundreds of older pieces with expired copyrights are all over the internet. The Internet Public Library, for example, offers links to hundreds of full-text books, magazines, and newspapers. Bartleby, a similar site, offers thousands of ebooks and reference materials free of charge. Readers can even download the books for free and view them on their desktop or handheld device. Project Gutenberg provides 16,000 e-books free for download, including classics such as Pride and Prejudice and The Odyssey. Google Scholar is offering an ever-increasing database of free academic articles and ebooks. If your curriculum consists of an over-priced packet of photocopied articles, check to see i f the material is available here before forking over the cash.br/>Another alternative is trying to find a student in your area who purchased the book during a previous semester. If your online school has message boards or other means of communicating with your peers, you may ask students who have taken the course before if they would be willing to sell the book at a discounted price. If you are near a physical college campus that offers courses similar to your online classes, scouring the campus for flyers advertising student-sold books may be your ticket to saving a few dollars. Before you begin a random search, find out what buildings house the departments that are likely to require your books. Students often post advertisements on the walls of their old classrooms.Some students are able to find their required materials in the library. While your regular public library is unlikely to carry most traditional textbooks, a local college may have the books available for limited use. Si nce you are not a student there, the librarians probably won’t let you take the books with you. But, if the books are shelved, you may be able to use them for a couple hours each day in order to get your studying done. Shop Around If you aren’t able to get your books for free, make sure you get a good price. You should be able to find almost any text for less than its suggested retail price. Websites like eBay and Half host online auctions of a variety of items, including textbooks. Sites like Alibris connect to hundreds of independent booksellers around the world, finding you some of the best prices on used and new textbooks. Want to save on shipping? Run a search to see if there’s a local bookstore that will allow you to pick up the book you’re looking for. They often offer pleasant markdowns on a variety of texts.If you want to save money, don’t wait until the last minute to buy your books. When ordering from an online source, it may take time for you to find the best deal and for your order to be processed and shipped. If you’re disciplined enough to look ahead a month or two, you may be able to save a lot by bidding during an off-time, when hordes of students arenâ€℠¢t looking for the same book. Finding your books for cheap or free will take time and energy. But, to hundreds of students, getting a good deal is worth the extra effort. Suggested Bookseller Links:www.allbookstores.comwww.gutenberg.orgscholar.google.comwww.ipl.orgwww.bartleby.com Jamie Littlefield is a writer and instructional designer. She can be reached on Twitter or through her educational coaching website: jamielittlefield.com.